أهم القيم المعملية Lab Values

NCLEX Lab Values
High-yield laboratory reference for nursing students and NCLEX preparation.

I. Serum Electrolytes

  • Sodium (Na⁺): 135–145 mEq/L
  • Potassium (K⁺): 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
  • Calcium (Ca²⁺): 8.6–10.2 mg/dL
  • Magnesium (Mg²⁺): 1.5–2.5 mEq/L
  • Phosphorus: 3.0–4.5 mg/dL
  • Chloride (Cl⁻): 98–106 mEq/L

II. Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)

  • pH: 7.35–7.45
  • PaCO₂: 35–45 mm Hg
  • PaO₂: 80–100 mm Hg
  • HCO₃⁻: 22–26 mEq/L

III. Complete Blood Count (CBC)

  • RBC:
    • Males: 4.7–6.1 million/µL
    • Females: 4.2–5.4 million/µL
  • Hemoglobin (Hgb):
    • Males: 13.5–17.5 g/dL
    • Females: 12–16 g/dL
  • Hematocrit (Hct):
    • Males: 41–50%
    • Females: 36–47%
  • WBC: 4,000–11,000 /mm³
  • ESR:
    • Males: < 15 mm/hr
    • Females: < 20 mm/hr

IV. Blood Lipid Levels

  • Total Cholesterol: < 200 mg/dL
  • LDL: < 130 mg/dL
  • HDL:
    • Males: 35–65 mg/dL
    • Females: 35–80 mg/dL
  • Triglycerides: < 150 mg/dL

V. Coagulation & Anticoagulant Therapy

  • PT: 11–12.5 sec
  • aPTT:
    • Normal: 25–35 sec
    • Therapeutic (Heparin): 46–70 sec
  • INR:
    • Normal: 1.0–1.2
    • Therapeutic (Warfarin): 2–3
  • Platelets: 150,000–400,000 /mm³

VI. Liver Function Tests

  • Albumin: 3.5–5.0 g/dL
  • Ammonia: 15–45 mcg/dL
  • Bilirubin: 0.2–1.2 mg/dL
  • Total Protein: 6–8 g/dL
  • ALT: 10–40 U/L

VII. Urinalysis

  • Specific Gravity: 1.003–1.030
  • Protein: Negative / Trace
  • Glucose: Negative
  • Ketones: Negative
  • pH: 4.6–8.0
  • WBC:
    • Males: 0–3 /HPF
    • Females: 0–5 /HPF

VIII. Renal Function

  • Creatinine:
    • Males: 0.6–1.2 mg/dL
    • Females: 0.5–1.1 mg/dL
  • BUN:
    • Adults: 6–20 mg/dL
    • Older Adults: 8–23 mg/dL
  • GFR:
    • Males: 90–120 mL/min
    • Females: 80–120 mL/min

IX. Therapeutic Drug Levels

  • Digoxin: 0.8–2.0 ng/mL
  • Lithium: 0.6–1.2 mEq/L
  • Phenobarbital: 10–40 mcg/mL
  • Phenytoin (Dilantin): 10–20 mcg/mL

X. Blood Glucose

  • Fasting Glucose: 70–105 mg/dL
  • HbA1c: 4–6%
  • Poor Diabetes Control: > 8%

XI. Miscellaneous

  • CVP: 2–8 mm Hg
  • PAWP: 6–12 mm Hg
  • BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m²
  • MAP: 70–105 mm Hg (≥65 adequate perfusion)
Mastering these values is essential for safe clinical judgment
and NCLEX success.

اترك تعليقاً

لن يتم نشر عنوان بريدك الإلكتروني. الحقول الإلزامية مشار إليها بـ *